Sheepshead Bay is a bay separating the mainland of Brooklyn, New York City from the eastern portion of Coney Island, the latter originally a barrier island but now effectively an extension of the mainland with peninsulas both east (the neighborhood of Manhattan Beach) and west (the neighborhood of Seagate). Its mouth is about a mile (1.6 km) southwest of Marine Park, Brooklyn. The area is part of Brooklyn Community Board 15. Sheepshead Bay is located at 40°34′55.2″N 73°56′31.2″W / 40.582°N 73.942°W / 40.582; -73.942.

The bay itself was originally the easterly entrance to Coney Island Creek but filling of the central part of this waterway during the 1930s in conjunction with construction of the Shore Parkway portion of the Belt Parkway eliminated access to the creek. At the same time the bay was widened at its western end, deepened and bulkheaded. It is now the home of recreational fishing fleets. At the Western end of the bay, there is a Holocaust memorial park, which is used throughout the year for commemorative events.

In the last decade of the 20th century, a real estate boom brought the reopening of the landmark Lundy Brothers seafood restaurant, which closed again in 2007, as well as the opening of ex-Soviet-themed restaurant/nightclubs such as Paradise and Baku Palace. The waterfront also experienced a growth of condominium developments. Emmons Avenue, the northern shoreline street along the bay, has piers with an active seafood market and tour boats.

Sheepshead Bay is named for the sheepshead, an edible fish once found in the bay's waters.

As of 2007, there were 123,181 people living in Sheepshead Bay. The demographics were 75.4% White, 14.6% Asian, 6.6% Hispanic or Latino, 4.7% African American and 0.2% Native American.

Subway service to Sheepshead Bay is provided by the BMT Brighton Line (B and Q trains), with local stops at Avenue U and Neck Road, and an express-local stop at the Sheepshead Bay Road station. The main shopping and business thoroughfares are Emmons Avenue, Sheepshead Bay Road, Ocean Avenue, and Nostrand Avenue. Emmons Avenue is at the west end of the shore Greenway which lies between Shore Parkway and Jamaica Bay, connecting eastward and northward to Canarsie and Cross Bay Boulevard. Emmons Avenue is a waterfront road with piers from which yachts and boats offer day trips for fishing and dancing.

Several public schools serve the community: Sheepshead Bay High School; JHS 14 Shell Bank Intermediate School; Bay Academy, I.S. 98; P.S. 254 and P.S. 52 (elementary). Private schools in the area include the St. Mark's School and St. Edmund's. Kingsborough Community College, part of the City University of New York (CUNY) is nearby. Sheepshead Bay is patrolled by the NYPD's 61st Precinct.

Ethnic groups include Italians, Irish, Russians, Jews, Polish, Turkish, Chinese and some Spanish. Many stores and buildings are bilingual with both English and Russian signage.

Sheepshead Bay is served by the independent news blog Sheepshead Bites

Notable current and former residents of Sheepshead Bay include:

City Data Neighborhood Watch: Sheepshead Bay / LifeStyler

Admiral's Row  ATURA  Barren Island  Bath Beach  Bay Ridge  Bedford  Bedford-Stuyvesant  Bensonhurst  Bergen Beach  BoCoCa  Boerum Hill  Borough Park  Brighton Beach  Brooklyn Heights  Brownsville  Bushwick  Cadman Plaza  Canarsie  Carroll Gardens  City Line  Clinton Hill  Cobble Hill  Coney Island  Crown Heights  Cypress Hills  Ditmas Park  Downtown  DUMBO  Dyker Heights  East Flatbush  East New York  East Williamsburg  Farragut  Fiske Terrace  Flatbush  Flatlands  Fort Greene  Fort Hamilton  Fulton Ferry  Georgetown  Gerritsen Beach  Gowanus  Gravesend  Greenpoint  Greenwood Heights  Highland Park  Homecrest  Kensington  Little Poland  Madison  Manhattan Beach  Marine Park  Midwood  Mill Basin  Navy Yard  New Lots  New Utrecht  Ocean Hill  Ocean Parkway  Park Slope  Pigtown  Plum Beach  Prospect Heights  Prospect-Lefferts Gardens  Prospect Park South  RAMBO  Red Hook  Sea Gate  Sheepshead Bay  South Brooklyn  South Park Slope  Starrett City  Stuyvesant Heights  Sunset Park  Vinegar Hill  Weeksville  White Sands  Williamsburg  Windsor Terrace  Wingate